Palavras-chave
contaminantes emergentes
polímeros de impressão molecular
resistência bacteriana
Como Citar
Resumo
Os antibióticos são medicamentos considerados contaminantes emergentes, usados no tratamento de doenças bacterianas em saúde humana e animal. Os antibióticos ao serem metabolizados de forma incompleta chegam às águas residuais através das fezes e urina, a que acresce a contaminação causada por pela sua má disposição final, por efluentes hospitalares e por algumas indústrias, chegando às estações de tratamento de águas residuais, onde são tratados inadequadamente pela falta de monitorização e regulamentação, além de se encontrarem em concentrações de traço e ultratraço, o que dificulta a monitorização. Os antibióticos no ambiente podem originar genes de resistência bacteriana, diminuir a diversidade microbiana e ser tóxicos para alguns animais como peixes e invertebrados. Na América Latina existem poucos estudos sobre monitorização de medicamentos, contudo em alguns deles foi observado que as concentrações ambientais chegam a ser mais altas em alguns corpos de água do que nas águas residuais. Esta revisão aumenta a visibilidade da problemática ambiental dos antibióticos na América Latina, desde a falta de monitorização até à inexistente regulamentação ambiental nestes países.Referências
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