Palavras-chave
microplásticos (MP)
nanoplásticos (NP)
contaminantes de preocupação emergente
poliéster
polipropileno
polietileno
poliamida
poliestireno
ABS
TED-GC-MS
TGA-FTIR
Como Citar
Resumo
No recentemente aprovado RD espanhol 3/2023 sobre água para consumo humano, adaptação da primitiva Diretiva da UE 2020/2184, o Artigo 19 inclui a chamada Lista de Observação, que inclui os chamados “poluentes de preocupação emergente que são considerados um risco para a saúde”. Assim, na secção 4 do Anexo IV do referido RD, é publicada a Lista Nacional de Observação com referências ao 17b-Estradiol, ao nonilfenol, à azitromicina e ao diclofenac, indicando também literalmente que“os microplásticos serão incluídos na lista quando a Comissão Europeia adotar uma metodologia padronizada para medir microplásticos em água potável. Este artigo tem um duplo objetivo: (i)rever a última posição sobre o assunto publicada pela UE em setembro de 2022 pelo órgão que trata deste tipo de questões, o Centro Comum de Investigação da Comissão Europeia (conhecido pela sigla em inglês como JRC); (ii)em segundo lugar, serão recolhidos os resultados mais recentes sobre PM em águas espanholas. Nesse sentido, os tipos de PM mais encontrados foram poliéster (PES), polipropileno (PP) e polietileno (PE), sendo também detectados poliestireno, ABS e poliamida. Além disso, o PM reduziu sua concentração em uma ETAP de água bruta para (0,96 MP/L) após filtração através de areia, carvão ativo granular e osmose reversa em mais de 93% em comparação com a água bruta de entrada na planta. Por fim, as concentrações de MP na água potável foram muito baixas, entre 0 e 0,05 MP/L, com média de 0,01 MP/L.
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