Resumo
A saúde ambiental infantil é configurada a partir da interação entre condições ambientais, sociais e territoriais que geram exposições diferenciadas desde as etapas iniciais do curso de vida. Em contextos caracterizados por pobreza, marginalização social e atividades produtivas específicas, essas exposições tendem a se acumular e a se normalizar, produzindo desigualdades persistentes em saúde. Este estudo analisa as desigualdades em saúde ambiental infantil a partir de uma abordagem interseccional, considerando a articulação entre idade, gênero e território, por meio da aplicação do Índice de Cenários Humanitários (ICH) em duas comunidades rurais do México com características contrastantes.
O ICH integra componentes estruturais, ambientais, diretos e culturais, permitindo identificar configurações territoriais complexas de demanda em ambiente e saúde. Os resultados mostram que, embora os valores globais do ICH nem sempre diferenciem significativamente entre mulheres e homens, existem configurações internas diferenciadas de risco segundo grupo etário e território. A infância apresenta características particulares no Cenário Humanitário, com cargas relevantes nas dimensões cultural e ambiental. A partir de uma leitura interseccional, a análise transcende a desagregação por sexo e situa o gênero como uma experiência socialmente organizada do risco, vinculada a práticas cotidianas, arranjos de cuidado e posições diferenciadas dentro do território.
Adicionalmente, a integração de ferramentas de percepção infantil por meio da análise de desenhos revela processos de normalização do risco ambiental no imaginário de meninas e meninos, complementando a leitura quantitativa do ICH e reforçando a necessidade de intervenções comunitárias sensíveis ao território, ao gênero e ao curso de vida.
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